The Will to Adorn
Congregants from the Alfred Street Baptist church enjoy a Mother's Day hat fashion show in Washington, D.C., 2012. Photo by Sharon Farmer, courtesy of National Museum of African American History and Culture Dance Africa Bazaar, 2009. Photo by Jade Banks Social Aid and Pleasure Clubs in New Orleans support their members through second line parades at funerals, and sponsor Mardi Gras parade Krewes. The clubs take pride in their stylish and costly coordinated outfits as well as in their lavish, spectacular, and elaborate masquerade regalia. Photo by Diana Micheal Briggs Dance Africa Bazaar, 2009. Photo by Jade Banks Alfred Street Baptist Church Runway Fashion show, May 12, 2012. Photo by Sharon Farmer, courtesy of National Museum of African American History and Culture

The Will to Adorn

African American Diversity, Style, and Identity

WHAT IS AFRICAN AMERICAN ABOUT AFRICAN AMERICAN DRESS AND BODY ART AND WHY DOES IT MATTER?

African American traditions of dress and body adornment are creative expressions grounded in the history of African-descended populations in the United States. They have been shaped by the identities born of African heritage and continuities; legacies of slavery and resistance; encounters and alliances between the people of African descent, indigenous Americans, Europeans, and more recent African and Caribbean diasporas; the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements; group commitments to faith; and the politics of gender. They reveal continuities of ideas, values, skills, and knowledge rooted on the African continent and in the American experience.

Communities of African descendants in the United States are diverse. There is no one way to be “authentically” African American. African Americans “belong” to many communities variously defined by ethnic, class, gender, regional, religious, political, cultural, and other affiliations that exist in complex interrelationship with each other. Accordingly, there is no single African American aesthetic of dress; there are many aesthetics that at times overlap, intertwine, and are juxtaposed in visual dialogues defining difference. Just as the changing demographics of the United States as a nation calls for a broader definition of who is representative of America, the diversity of American African descendants also demands recognition and acknowledgement.

The Will to Adorn program at the 2013 Smithsonian Folklife Festival program will showcase the distinctive ways in which diverse African American identities are expressed through attire and adornment and the traditions, artistry, and social histories that have shaped these expressions. The Festival program will feature demonstrations and workshops by artisans, such as milliners, hairdressers, jewelers, tailors, and ceremonial regalia makers. It will also present performances by exemplars of style such as musicians, dancers, activists, poets, athletes, and others. Hands-on activities—which feature try-on sessions, interactive workshops, and craft making—are designed to place a premium on visitor participation and are oriented to families.

The Festival program is an outgrowth of a larger research project, The Will to Adorn: African American Dress and the Aesthetics of Identity. Initiated in 2010, this project is built upon collaboration among museum, community, and academic-based researchers, educators, and cultural practitioners. Click on the link above to learn more.

The Will to Adorn Festival program will reveal how African American style is as local as the barbershop on the corner and as global as the powerful influence of hip hop dress culture among young people in Japan, Australia, Great Britain, South Africa and elsewhere around the world. It will represent the complexity and diversity of African American identity and creativity. And it will highlight those approaches, processes, and discrete elements of dress and adornment among African Americans that grow out of shared or common cultural experiences, traditions, and social histories.

The Will to Adorn: African American Diversity, Style, and Identity Festival program is produced by the Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage in partnership with the National Museum of African American History and Culture.

Featured Video

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Januwa Moja creates wearable art in celebration of the African diaspora. In this video, she discusses her experiences growing up in Civil Rights-era Baltimore and her development as an artist and designer.

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